Текст
Прочтите и переведите текст. Новые слова.
A man was standing at the door of a small house, looking
at the high mountain some twenty miles away (1).
From the top of the mountain thick smoke was rising into
the sky. The man went into the house. In the house instruments
were registering earth tremors.
Soon some men in heavy thick coats went away - towards the
volcano.
The volcano we are speaking about Kluchevsksjs over 16,000
feet high, the best-know and biggest of the many active volcanoes
of Kamchatka. Who are the men that are not afraid of the volcano?
They are the scientists who study it. They work at the Kamchatka
station for the study of volcanoes. This volcano is an object
of great interest to scientists. There, near the Pacific Ocean,
great geological and mountain-making disturbances are taking
place (2). These disturbances are being
studied by scientists. Study of eruptions and of other volcanic
activity is teaching the scientists a great deal about the
laws of the formation of minerals deep in the earth.
The men whom we were watching went up the mountain through
deep snow. They were carrying all kinds of special cameras
and instruments. All around them thick trees were sleeping
deep in snow. Cold mountain winds were blowing, carrying,
the along the ground. But noises, like gun-fire, were disturbing
the silence. They seemed to be coming from above (3).
The men went up another (4) eight or nine
hundred feet and came out of the trees on to an open place.
Before them a fountain of fire, coming up from the earth,
rose to a great height. Above it was a dark cloud with red
tongues of fire. Below it was a river of lava, reflecting
the fountain of fire. It was a slow, dark, wide river. All
around it trees were burning in the heat.
II
The houses of the station were built on the river Kamchatka
over thirty years ago. There, thousands of miles from the
nearest city, the scientists have all the equipment they need
- from first-class laboratories to telescopes. When an eruption
takes place cameras on these telescopes take many pictures
(5). But the main work must be done by expeditions.
The main crater of the Kluchevskaya volcano is a great hole
some 2,000 feet. across. The top of the mountain is covered
with snow and ice, and the main crater cannot be seen. However,
during an eruption the lava also comes out through the weak
places at the sides of the mountain. Such eruptions, though
smaller than the main one, are much easier to see. The scientists
can see them from a distance of about 700 yards. First of
all (6), they take many pictures of the
eruption. They register the speed with which the lava comes
out. They register its height and width.
Kuchlevskaya had a great eruption in 1945. The fountain of
fire rose to a height of about ten miles. At its top was a
large black cloud. The fire could be seen at a distance of
about 250 miles ant the noise could be heard 200 miles away.
Примечания
(1) some twenty miles away - примерно в
двадцати милях
(2) to take place - происходить, иметь место
(3) seemed to be coming from above - казалось,
шли сверху
(4) another - другой, обычно употребляется
со словами в ед. числе так как состоит из элементов an + other.
Здесь расстояние в 800-900 футов рассматривается как один
отрезок пути. Возможный перевод: эти люди прошли еще 800-900
футов.
(5) take pictures - снимать, делать снимки
(6) first of all - прежде всего
Анализ слов
В этом уроке довольно много служебных слов. Уделите особое
внимание запоминанию слов above, across, along, another, away,
during, soon, towards, below. Наречие away очень многозначно
и не всегда переводится на русский язык отдельным словом.
Оно обозначает отдаленность или удаление от какого-либо места.
В тексте вы видите, что гора была some twenty miles away.
Это значит, что гора была в каких-то двадцати милях (отсюда,
оттуда, от того места). В данном случае away можно и вовсе
не переводить. Не is away означает его нет (здесь, дома и
т.п.), он уехал.
Глаголы движения в сочетании с наречием away часто соответствуют
русским глаголам с приставкой у-: to run away убежать,
to take sway удрать; go away! уходите! (убирайтесь!).
Глагол to need нуждаться употребляется по-английски в личной
форме, но переводится обычно безличным оборотом: I need a
sheet of paper мне нужен лист бумаги; they need a good map
of Europe им нужна хорошая карта Европы.
Слова с международными корнями вы найдете сами. Обратите
внимание на глагол to stand стоять, которому соответствует
существительное a stand стенд, подставка, позиция. Заметьте
также связь между along, width, equipment и известными вам
словами long, wide, to equip Помните ли вы их?
В уроках 11-15 вы встретили около 250 новых слов. Вместе
со словами предыдущих уроков это составит около 600 слов.
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Ключевые слова:игра память
